Introduction to BIOLOGY

Introduction to BIOLOGY

 Biology :- The branch of science which deals with the study of living organisms is called Biology.

‘BIOLOGY’ is a Greek word. This word is formed by 2 words (BIOS & LOGOS).

BIOS :- LIFE

LOGOS :- STUDY

 So, Biology means ‘Study of Life’.

‘Biology’ term was firstly coined by Lamarck & Treviranus in 1802.·       Further, Biology is mainly divided into 2 parts-

1. Botany
2. Zoology

Father of –
·       Biology- Aristotle
·       Zoology- Aristotle
·       Botany- Theophrastus

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 Basic Terminology Related to BIOLOGY-

·       Agrostology- Study of Grasses.
·       Anatomy- Study of Internal Structure of Organisms.
·       Andrology- Study of Male Reproductive Organs.
·       Apiculture- Rearing of Honey Bees.
·       Arthrology- Study of Joints.
·       Bacteriology- Study of Bacteria.
·       Bryology- Study of Bryophytes.
·       Cardiology- Study of Heart.
·       Cytology- Study of Cells.
·       Dermatology- Study of Skin.
·       Ecology- Study of Co-relation between Environment & Living Organisms.
·       Entomology- Study of Insects.
·       Floriculture- Flower Farming.
·       Genetics- Study of heredity of Genetic Characters in Organisms.
·       Haematology- Study of Blood.
·       Hepatology- Study of Liver.
·       Microbiology- Study of micro-organisms like Bacteria, Fungi etc.
·       Morphology- Study of External Structure of Organisms.
·       Mycology- Study of Fungi.
·       Neonatology- Study of New Born Babies.
·       Neurology- Study of Nervous System.
·       Odontology- Study of Teeth & Gums.
·       Oncology- Study of Cancer & Tumor.
·       Ophthalmology- Study of Eyes.
·       Ornithology- Study of Birds.
·       Osteology- Study of Bones.
·       Phycology- Study of Algae.
·       Physiology- Study of Functions of Organ-systems in Living Organisms.
·       Pisciculture- Culturing of Fishes.
·       Virology- Study of Viruses.
  Ø ZOOLOGY-
         ·       The branch of biology, in which we study about structure & various functions of animals is called Zoology.
         ·       Zoology is a Greek word. It is formed by 2 words(Zoon + Logos)
      Zoon- Animal
     Logos- Study
         ·       So, Zoology means Study of Animal Kingdom.
         ·       Famous philosopher Aristotle was a first person who composed a book named ‘Historia Animalium’. In this book, he described about Structure, Nature & Reproduction in Animals. He also classified to Animals. So, Aristotle is known as Father of Zoology.
         ·       But Binomial Nomenclature System was proposed by Carolus Linnaeus & he presented Modern Classification of living organisms into his book ‘Systema Naturae’.
         ·       So, he (Linnaeus) in known as ‘Father of Modern Taxonomy’.
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  Ø Botany-
            ·       The branch of biology, in which we study about structure of plants & their various biological functions is called Botany.
            ·       The term ‘Botany’ was derived from Greek word ‘Botane’.
            ·       ‘Botane’ means Plants/ Herbs/weeds.
            ·       Firstly, Theophastus classified to Plant Kingdom on the basis of their properties, shape & size.
           ·       So, he (Theophrastus) is known as ‘Father of Botany’.

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Important keywords 

 Father of Biology 

Father of Zoology 

Father of Botany 

Basic Biology 

Fundamentals of Biology

'Biology' term derived from

Biology term given by 

Branches of biology 

Basics of Biology 

Basics of life Sciences

Branches of science 

Cardiology Branch 

Oncology branch.